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What is Debt-to-Income Ratio?

When it comes to understanding your finances, especially if you’re looking into a new loan or managing current debts, one term you’ll want to understand is “debt-to-income ratio.”
Don’t let the fancy term intimidate you—it’s actually a simple concept that can tell you a lot about where you stand financially.
Imagine you have a seesaw. On one side, you pile all your monthly debt payments—things like your car loan, student loan, credit card bills, and any other debts you’re paying off. On the other side, you stack your monthly income before taxes.
Your debt-to-income ratio is a way of measuring how heavy the debt side is compared to your income side. In other words, it’s the percentage of your monthly income that goes towards paying off debts.


What is a Good Debt to Income Ratio?

Lenders use your debt-to-income ratio to decide if you can handle more debt. Generally, a ratio of 36% or lower is considered good. It means less than 36% of your income is going towards debt payments, which makes lenders think you’re in a stable position to take on a new loan. A higher ratio, like over 43%, might make it harder to get approved for loans because it shows you’re already carrying a heavy load of debt.

How to Calculate Debt to Income Ratio

Calculating your debt-to-income ratio is pretty simple. Here’s how you can do it:

  • Add Up Your Monthly Debt Payments: This includes everything from mortgages and car loans to minimum credit card payments and student loans.
  • Know Your Monthly Gross Income: This is your income before taxes and deductions.
  • Divide Your Total Monthly Debt by Your Gross Monthly Income: Take the total of your monthly debt payments and divide it by your monthly gross income.
  • Convert to a Percentage: Multiply the result by 100 to get a percentage. This percentage is your debt-to-income ratio.

Why Debt-to-Income Ratio Matters

Your debt-to-income ratio isn’t just a number lenders look at. It is helpful information for you to understand so you know how much of your income is tied up in debt.
If the number is high, it might be time to reassess your spending, pay down debts, or rethink taking on new debt. Lowering your ratio can give you more financial breathing room and improve your chances of getting loans on better terms in the future.

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Summary

Understanding and managing your debt-to-income ratio is like performing a financial balancing act. Keeping your debts in check while maintaining or increasing your income can lead to a more secure financial foundation. This is important when you’re navigating through tight spots or planning major purchases.